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In 2019, Canada was the largest producer of wild blueberries, mainly in Quebec and the Atlantic provinces, [47] but Canadian production of wild blueberries decreased since 2017 by transitioning to the more profitable cultivated highbush blueberries. [48] British Columbia produced 93% of the Canadian highbush blueberry crop in 2019. [47]
The lowbush blueberry is native to central and eastern Canada (from Manitoba to Newfoundland) as well as north-central and eastern United States [8] (growing as far south as the Great Smoky Mountains and west to the Great Lakes region). [9] [10] In its native habitat the plant grows in open conifer woods, old fields, and sandy or rocky balds. [11]
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Vaccinium / v æ k ˈ s ɪ n i ə m / [3] is a common and widespread genus of shrubs or dwarf shrubs in the heath family (Ericaceae). The fruits of many species are eaten by humans and some are of commercial importance, including the cranberry, blueberry, bilberry (whortleberry), lingonberry (cowberry), and huckleberry.
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Vaccinium uliginosum is a small deciduous shrub growing to 10–75 centimetres (4– 29 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches) tall, rarely 1 metre (3 + 1 ⁄ 2 feet) tall, with brown stems (unlike the green stems of the closely related bilberry).
It is found in the mountains of Peru, and may have been introduced to Jamaica. Like so‑called wild blueberries in North America, it is artisanally tended in a manner that differs little from wild growing conditions, with few inputs. Its fruit is gathered in the wild and widely sold in local health food markets and grocery stores. [3]
Vaccinium myrtilloides is a low spreading deciduous shrub growing up to 50 centimetres (20 in) tall, [4] often spreading to form small thickets. Young stems have stiff dense bristly hairs. The leaves are 1.5–6.5 cm (1 ⁄ 2 – 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long, green, [4] paler underneath with velvety hairs.