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A reactionless drive is a hypothetical device producing motion without the exhaust of a propellant.A propellantless drive is not necessarily reactionless when it constitutes an open system interacting with external fields; but a reactionless drive is a particular case of a propellantless drive that is a closed system, presumably in contradiction with the law of conservation of momentum.
In the general relativistic field propulsion system space is considered to be an elastic field similar to rubber which means that space itself can be treated as an infinite elastic body. If the space-time curves, a normal inwards surface stress is generated which serves as a pressure field. By creating a great number of those curve surfaces ...
The first design of a resonant cavity thruster claiming to be a reactionless drive was by Roger Shawyer in 2001. He called his conical design an "EmDrive", and claimed that it produced thrust in the direction of the base of the cone. Guido Fetta later built a "Cannae Drive", based in part on Shawyer's concept, [18] [17] using a pillbox-shaped ...
The Helical engine is a proposed spacecraft propulsion drive that, like other reactionless drives, would violate the laws of physics. [1] [2] [3]The concept was proposed by David M. Burns, formerly a NASA engineer at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama, in a non-peer-reviewed report published on a NASA server in 2019 describing it as "A new concept for in-space propulsion is proposed ...
Bipropellant rocket engines of the Apollo Lunar Module reaction control system (RCS) Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites. In-space propulsion exclusively deals with propulsion systems used in the vacuum of space and should not be confused with space launch or atmospheric entry.
A variant of the 1C engine, Merlin Vacuum features a larger exhaust section and a significantly larger expansion nozzle to maximize the engine's efficiency in the vacuum of space. Its combustion chamber is regeneratively cooled , while the 2.7-meter-long (9 ft) [ 24 ] niobium alloy [ 13 ] expansion nozzle is radiatively cooled .
The Dean drive was a device created and promoted by inventor Norman Lorimer Dean (1902–1972) that he claimed to be a reactionless drive. [1] Dean claimed that his device was able to generate a uni-directional force in free space , in violation of Newton's third law of motion from classical physics .
Ion engine: 1 1: Mercury Cesium: NASA: NASA Hughes: Space Electric Rocket Test, suborbital (31 min), the first demonstration of an ion engine in space - only the mercury engine by NASA was operated Program 661A Flight B: 29 Aug 1964: 29 Aug 1964: Ion engine: 1: Cesium: USAF: EOS: Suborbital, experimental test (19 min operation) Zond 2: 30 Nov ...