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A bi is a flat jade disc with a circular hole in the centre. Neolithic bi are undecorated, while those of later periods of China, like the Zhou dynasty, bear increasingly ornate surface carving (particularly in a hexagonal pattern) whose motifs represented deities associated with the sky (four directions) as well as standing for qualities and powers the wearer wanted to invoke or embody.
The Heshibi, often translated as Mr.He's jade, was a sacred ceremonial bi disk, also known as a jade annulus, which had an important role in Chinese history.First appearing during the mid–8th century BCE, it was cut into a ritual bi and recognized as an imperial treasure.
Ritual object (bi), Neolithic period, LiangZhu culture (3200–2000 B.C.) Jade notched disk, Neolithic period, Longshan culture (2400–1900 B.C.) Jade has been used in virtually all periods of Chinese history and generally accords with the style of decorative art characteristic of each period.
Three particular jade objects were used by multiple cultures spanning various regions, consisting of cong tubes, bi disks, and yazhang tablets; cong and bi were employed in spiritual communications. [103]
Jade bi from the Liangzhu culture. The jade from this culture is characterized by finely worked large ritual jades, commonly incised with the taotie motif. The most exemplary artifacts from the culture were its cong (cylinders), with the largest discovered weighing 3.5 kg. Bi (discs) and Yue axes (ceremonial axes) were also found. Jade pendants ...
Bi jade-disk with a dual dragon motif, Warring States period. Chinese mythology and folklore associate snakes with dragons. Marquis of Sui's snake with a glowing pearl in its mouth is echoed in later Chinese depictions of dragons with a flaming pearl or gem under their chin or in their claws.
Yupei could be stringed together to make an ensemble of jade pendants (which would hold at the belt and could also be composed of chains of bi (璧; jade discs or jade rings). [2]: 18–20 Jade in the form of huang were also popular in the making of yupei and had a rigid and specific rules attached to its use.
English: Disk (bi) with knobs, feline and dragon. Jade (nephrite). 22 x 15.2 x 0.7 cm. Eastern Han dynasty, 100-220. Freer Gallery of Art F1916.155 ... Disk (bi) with ...