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Some of the more well-known topics in recreational mathematics are Rubik's Cubes, magic squares, fractals, logic puzzles and mathematical chess problems, but this area of mathematics includes the aesthetics and culture of mathematics, peculiar or amusing stories and coincidences about mathematics, and the personal lives of mathematicians.
A zero-sum game is also called a strictly competitive game, while non-zero-sum games can be either competitive or non-competitive. Zero-sum games are most often solved with the minimax theorem which is closely related to linear programming duality, [5] or with Nash equilibrium. Prisoner's Dilemma is a classic non-zero-sum game. [6]
Of the nine arcade games that How to Win Video Games (1982) discussed, Pac-Man was the only one with women as a majority of players. [63] In response, the sequel Ms. Pac-Man, launched in 1981, featured a female protagonist. The success of Pac-Man led to more women pursuing video game development. [64]
Professional dan ranks go up to 9th dan, but the strength difference between a 1st dan and a 9th dan professional is generally no more than 2–3 handicap stones. To distinguish between professional dan and amateur dan ranks, the former is often abbreviated to "p" (sometimes called ping) and the latter to "d". There was no such abbreviation in ...