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A reducer reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter). Alternatively, reducer may refer to any fitting which causes a change in pipe diameter. [15] This change may be intended to meet hydraulic flow requirements of the system or adapt to existing piping of a different size. The reduction length is usually equal to the ...
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...
The metric equivalent flow factor (K v) is calculated using metric units: =, where [3]. K v is the flow factor (expressed in m 3 /h), Q is the flowrate (expressed in m 3 /h), SG is the specific gravity of the fluid (for water = 1),
where is the density of the fluid, is the average velocity in the pipe, is the friction factor from the Moody chart, is the length of the pipe and is the pipe diameter. The chart plots Darcy–Weisbach friction factor against Reynolds number Re for a variety of relative roughnesses, the ratio of the mean height of roughness of the pipe to the ...
Orifice plate showing vena contracta. An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole in it, which is usually placed in a pipe. When a fluid (whether liquid or gaseous) passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up slightly upstream of the orifice [1] but as the fluid is forced to converge to pass through the hole, the velocity increases and the fluid pressure decreases.
The choked velocity is a function of the upstream pressure but not the downstream. Although the velocity is constant, the mass flow rate is dependent on the density of the upstream gas, which is a function of the upstream pressure. Flow velocity reaches the speed of sound in the orifice, and it may be termed a sonic orifice.
The orifices are manufactured from stainless steel. 2mm (0.08”) 4mm (0.16”) 6mm (0.24”) 8mm (0.31”) 15 - 30cSt 112 - 685cSt 550 - 1500cSt 1200 - 3000cSt (approximately) 25 - 150 secs FORD FLOW CUP Ford Flow Cup No 1 - ASTM D1200 [3] Ford Flow Cup No 2 - ASTM D1200 Ford Flow Cup No 3 - ASTM D1200 Ford Flow Cup No 4 - ASTM D1200
Filling stations may be able and allowed to fill foreign containers if adequate adapters are available. [1] Adapters are provided by, amongst others, camping stores. The iOverlander [ 2 ] database maintained by travelers, My LPG [ 3 ] and the Facebook group "Cooking Gas Around the World [ 4 ] " provide more information about individual sources ...