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The Border campaign (12 December 1956 – 26 February 1962) was a guerrilla warfare campaign (codenamed Operation Harvest) carried out by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) against targets in Northern Ireland, with the aim of overthrowing British rule there and creating a united Ireland. [1]
Border Campaign may refer to: Pancho Villa Expedition, a 1916–17 U.S. operation in Mexico; Border campaign (Irish Republican Army) or Operation Harvest, a 1956–62 guerrilla war in Northern Ireland; 1960–61 campaign at the China–Burma border, after the Chinese Civil War
List of IRA ambushes of the Irish War of Independence (1919–1921) List of Provisional IRA ambushes (1970–1998) The following articles include ambushes by other Irish Republican Army organisations: Northern campaign (Irish Republican Army) (1942–1944) Border campaign (Irish Republican Army) (1956–1962)
12 December – The Irish Republican Army launches its Border Campaign [1] with the bombing of a BBC relay transmitter in County Londonderry, burning of a courthouse in Magherafelt by a unit led by 18-year-old Seamus Costello [1] and of an Ulster Special Constabulary post near Newry and blowing up of a half-built British Army barracks at Enniskillen.
At the age of 16 he joined Sinn Féin and the Irish Republican Army. Within a year, he was commanding an active service unit in south County Londonderry during the Border Campaign , where his leadership skills and burning down of the courthouse in Magherafelt earned him the nickname of "the Boy General". [ 1 ]
In the early days of the Troubles (1969–72), the Provisional IRA was poorly armed, with only a handful of old weapons left over from the IRA's Border campaign of 1956–1962. The IRA had split in December 1969 into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA factions.
The Irish Republican Army (IRA) of 1922–1969 was a sub-group of the original pre-1922 Irish Republican Army, characterised by its opposition to the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It existed in various forms until 1969, when the IRA split again into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA .
In May 1956, soon after his sixteenth birthday, he joined the Irish Republican Army (IRA), [3] and was politically active in Sinn Féin from an early age. During the IRA border campaign, he was arrested while training other IRA members in Glencree in May 1957. He served seven months in Mountjoy Prison and was then interned at the Curragh Camp.