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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process of fertilization in which an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, then removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries and enabling a man's sperm to fertilise them in a culture medium in a laboratory.
In a study, in which thirteen authors from nine different research centers and ART clinics form France, Israel and Spain participated and brought together a set of 9012 in vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts made in cases of male infertility, 3339 (37.1%) using conventional ICSI and 5673 (62.9%) performed using the IMSE technique.
Natural Cycle IVF is in vitro fertilisation (IVF) using either of the following procedures: IVF without the use any ovarian hyperstimulation drugs. [1] IVF using an ovarian hyperstimulation protocol with a GnRH antagonist for ovulation suppression, generally with gonadotropins as well. [2] This procedure can be called modified natural cycle-IVF ...
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI / ˈ ɪ k s i / IK-see) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg. This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus.
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility.This subject involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, and the use of fertility medication.
Reciprocal IVF differs from standard IVF in that two partners are involved: the eggs are taken from one partner, and the other partner carries the pregnancy. [1] In this way, the process is mechanically identical to IVF with egg donation. [2] [3] Reciprocal IVF offers the highest chance for pregnancy and a lower chance of a multiple births.
Capacitation is the penultimate [1] step in the maturation of mammalian spermatozoa and is required to render them competent to fertilize an oocyte. [2] This step is a biochemical event; the sperm move normally and look mature prior to capacitation.
In this test, sperm are incubated with several hamster eggs. After seven to twenty hours, the number of sperm penetrations per egg is measured. The hamster eggs have had the zona pellucida, the outer membrane, removed—hence, zona-free. [3] Having all eggs penetrated by multiple sperm is considered to be a positive sign for fertility.