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Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-galactose is relevant in glycolysis. UDP-galactose is the activated form of Gal, a crucial monosaccharide building block for human milk oligosaccharide (HMO). [2] The activated form of galactose (Gal) serves as a donor molecule involved in catalyzing the conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose.
The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine galactose phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphogalactose-uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine galactose-1-phosphotransferase , galactose-1-phosphotransferase , and galactosyl phosphotransferase .
GalE encodes for an epimerase that converts UDP-glucose into UDP-galactose. This is required for the formation of UDP-galactose for cell wall biosynthesis , in particular the cell wall component lipopolysaccharide, even when cells are not using galactose as a carbon/energy source. [ 4 ]
The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-alpha-D-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include floridoside-phosphate synthase , UDP-galactose:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate-2-D-galactosyl transferase , FPS , UDP-galactose, sn-3-glycerol phosphate:1->2' galactosyltransferase , floridoside phosphate ...
Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is an organic compound. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine . UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group , the pentose sugar ribose , and the nucleobase uracil .
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and 2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine, whereas its two products are UDP and 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases , specifically the hexosyltransferases.
The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosyl-R beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphogalactose-lactosylceramide , and beta1->3-galactosyltransferase .
The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:galactogen beta-1,6-D-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphogalactose-galactogen galactosyltransferase , 1,6-D-galactosyltransferase , and beta-(1-6)-D-galactosyltransferase .