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Valerian (/ v ə ˈ l ɪər i ən / və-LEER-ee-ən; Latin: Publius Licinius Valerianus; c. 199 – 260 or 264) was Roman emperor from 253 to spring 260 AD. Valerian is known as the first Roman emperor to have been taken captive in battle, captured by the Persian emperor Shapur I after the Battle of Edessa, causing shock and instability throughout the Roman Empire.
Valerian became Emperor in September 253 and had the Roman Senate elevate Gallienus to the rank of Augustus. Valerian divided the empire between him and his son, with Valerian ruling the east and his son the west. Gallienus defeated the usurper Ingenuus in 258 and destroyed an Alemanni army at Mediolanum in 259.
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
In June 260, Persian king Shāpūr I defeated and took Emperor Valerian captive at Edessa in Roman Mesopotamia. Valerian's son, Gallienus who had ruled jointly with his father, immediately became the sole Roman emperor. Gallienus, however, ruled the western portion of the empire and was far away from the threats of the East.
Publius Licinius Cornelius Valerianus (died 258), also known as Valerian II, was the eldest son of Roman Emperor Gallienus and Augusta Cornelia Salonina who was of Greek origin [2] [3] and grandson of the Emperor Valerian who was of a noble and traditional senatorial family.
Saloninus' father was the later emperor Gallienus, his mother Cornelia Salonina, a Greek [2] [3] from Bithynia.In 258 Saloninus was appointed Caesar by his father (just like his older brother Valerian II, who had died around 258) and sent to Gaul to make sure his father's authority was respected there (the title Caesar in Imperial nomenclature indicated that the holder was the Crown Prince and ...
The monks of St Augustine's Abbey, Ramsgate wrote in their Book of Saints (1921), . Montanus, Lucius, Julian, Victorious, Flavian and Others (SS.) MM. (Feb. 24) (3rd cent.) Some of the many Christians, disciples of Saint Cyprian of Carthage, who were put to death during the fierce persecution of Christianity under the Emperor Valerian (A.D. 2
Valerian (emperor), Roman emperor from 253 to 260; Plants. Valerian (herb), Valeriana officinalis, a medicinal plant, and the namesake for other valerians.