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A quota of only 48 nurses was set for African-American women, and the women were segregated from white nurses and white soldiers for much of the war. Eventually more black nurses enlisted. They were assigned to care for black soldiers. Black nurses were integrated into everyday life with their white colleagues.
The black soldiers fought for equal citizenship and better job opportunities. [32] [33] W.E.B. Du Bois declared that in order to win World War II, we must also win the “War for Racial Equality” at home. [34] As the enlistment statistics below demonstrate, some men were drafted, others enlisted voluntarily.
The 761st Tank Battalion was an independent tank battalion of the United States Army during World War II.Its ranks primarily consisted of African American soldiers, who by War Department policy were not permitted to serve in the same units as White troops; the United States Armed Forces did not officially desegregate until after World War II.
When the U.S. entered World War II, the U.S. Army was racially segregated. Despite the service of African American soldiers in every previous American conflict, exclusion and discrimination from the American War Department made it difficult for black soldiers to serve. In 1939, only 3,640 black soldiers were enlisted under white leadership. [24]
Soldiers of the 6888th Central Postal Battalion, the first black women's unit deployed overseas during World War II, pass in review during a 1945 military parade in Birmingham, England.
Buffalo Soldiers in Italy: Black Americans in World War II. McFarland & Company. ISBN 0-89950-116-8. McGrath, John J. (2004). The Brigade: A History: Its Organization and Employment in the US Army. Combat Studies Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-4404-4915-4. Motley, Mary Penick. (1975) The Invisible Soldier: The Experience of the Black Soldier ...
Although black soldiers proved themselves as reputable soldiers, discrimination in pay and other areas remained widespread. According to the Militia Act of 1862, soldiers of African descent were to receive $10.00 a month, with an optional deduction for clothing at $3.00.
From 1870 to 1898 the strength of the US Army totaled 25,000 service members with black soldiers maintaining their 10 percent representation. [30] USCT soldiers fought in the Indian Wars in the American West, where they became known as the Buffalo Soldiers, thus nicknamed by Native Americans who compared their hair to the curly fur of bison. [31]