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Chloroplasts (green discs) and accumulated starch granules in cells of Bryum capillare. Botanically, mosses are non-vascular plants in the land plant division Bryophyta. They are usually small (a few centimeters tall) herbaceous (non-woody) plants that absorb water and nutrients mainly through their leaves and harvest carbon dioxide and sunlight to create food by photosynthesis.
In these plants, the sporophytes grow from and are dependent on gametophytes for supply of water and mineral nutrients and photosynthate, the products of photosynthesis. Non-vascular plants play crucial roles in their environments.
The ground cover of Calliergon giganteum in the arctic has a warming effect which other plants benefit from. "Calliergon giganteum" grows to be about 8 cm tall. Calliergon giganteum prefers hydric environments, growing best in wet and humid conditions. For photosynthesis, the optimum water content is 1500-1700% of the moss's dry weight. [3]
Polytrichum commune (also known as common haircap, [2] great golden maidenhair, [2] great goldilocks, [2] common haircap moss, or common hair moss) is a species of moss found in many regions with high humidity and rainfall. The species can be exceptionally tall for a moss with stems often exceeding 30 cm (12 in) and rarely reaching 70 cm (27.5 ...
In bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts), the gametophyte is the most visible stage of the life cycle. The bryophyte gametophyte is longer lived, nutritionally independent, and the sporophytes are attached to the gametophytes and dependent on them. [5] When a moss spore germinates it grows to produce a filament of cells (called the ...
All other living groups of land plants have a life cycle dominated by the diploid sporophyte generation. It is in the diploid sporophyte that vascular tissue develops. In some ways, the term "non-vascular" is a misnomer. Some mosses and liverworts do produce a special type of vascular tissue composed of complex water-conducting cells. [42]
Young sporophytes of the common moss Tortula muralis. In mosses, the gametophyte is the dominant generation, while the sporophytes consist of sporangium-bearing stalks growing from the tips of the gametophytes Sporophytes of moss during spring In flowering plants, the sporophyte comprises the whole multicellular body except the pollen and ...
In general, flower heliotropism could increase reproductive success by increasing pollination, fertilization success, and/or seed development, [9] especially in the spring flowers. Some solar tracking plants are not purely heliotropic: in those plants the change of orientation is an innate circadian motion triggered by light, which continues ...