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Dog – the species (or subspecies) as a whole, also any male member of the same. [287] Bitch – any female member of the species (or subspecies). [288] Puppy or pup – a young member of the species (or subspecies) under 12 months old. [289] Sire – the male parent of a litter. [289] Dam – the female parent of a litter. [289]
All canids have a similar basic form, as exemplified by the gray wolf, although the relative length of muzzle, limbs, ears, and tail vary considerably between species. With the exceptions of the bush dog, the raccoon dog and some domestic dog breeds, canids have relatively long legs and lithe bodies, adapted for chasing prey. The tails are ...
Not included in either tribe is the genus Urocyon, which includes 2 species, mainly comprising the gray fox and believed to be basal to the family. Additionally, one genus in Canini, Dusicyon , was composed of two recently extinct species, with Dusicyon avus going extinct around 400 years ago and the Falkland Islands wolf going extinct in 1876.
The genus Canis contains many different species and has a wide range of different mating systems that varies depending on the type of canine and the species. [27] In a study done in 2017, it was found that in some species of canids females use their sexual status to gain food resources. The study looked at wolves and dogs.
This list of dog breeds includes both extant and extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. A research article on dog genomics published in Science/AAAS defines modern dog breeds as "a recent invention defined by conformation to a physical ideal and purity of lineage".
Leishmaniasis* is spread by the sandfly, and in the dog as well as human has both cutaneous and visceral forms. The dog is considered to be the reservoir for human disease in the Americas. [28] Babesiosis* is spread by members of the family Ixodidae, or hard ticks. The two species of the genus Babesia that affect dogs are B. canis and B. gibsoni.
Noctua variegata (Lepidoptera) was coined by Jung, 1792, and Noctua variegata (Aves) by Quoy & Gaimard, 1830, thus creating a double homonym, until the latter species was placed in a different genus. Both species names are valid. For disambiguating one genus-group name from its homonym, it is important to cite author and year. Citing the author ...
The taxonomic name of this wolf is disputed, with the species Canis himalayensis being proposed based on two limited DNA studies. [ 137 ] [ 138 ] [ 139 ] In 2017, a study of mitochondrial DNA , X-chromosome (maternal lineage) markers and Y-chromosome (male lineage) markers found that the Himalayan wolf was genetically basal to the Holarctic ...