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Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine . [ 4 ]
[2] [3] It decreases blood pressure mainly by hydrochlorothiazide while triamterene decreases the amount of potassium lost. [2] [3] The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 1965. [5] In 2022, it was the 116th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions. [6] [7]
Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Zestoretic among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). [2] It contains lisinopril , an ACE inhibitor , and hydrochlorothiazide , a diuretic .
[9]: 83 The combination drug with hydrochlorothiazide, Dyazide, was first approved in the US in 1965 and the first generic, brought by Bolar Pharmaceutical Co., was approved in 1987. [10] [11] In 1986 Dyazide was the most prescribed drug in the US and had $325 million in sales, making it SmithKline Beckman's second-biggest seller behind Tagamet.
Most of the drug excreted is unchanged, only small portion of the drug is metabolized to its inactive form 4-hydroxyvaleryl valsartan, the enzyme suspected to be responsible for this is the liver enzyme CYP2C9. [18] Hydrochlorothiazide has an oral bioavailability of 70% and reaches peak concentration around 1.5–2 hours following ingestion.
Losartan/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hyzaar among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used to treat high blood pressure when losartan is not sufficient. [1] [2] It consists of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker; and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth. [1] [2]
It contains olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, amlodipine, as the besilate, a calcium channel blocker, and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. [3] It is taken by mouth . [ 3 ]
ATC code C09 Agents acting on the renin–angiotensin system is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.