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In formal language theory, a context-free grammar (CFG) is a formal grammar whose production rules can be applied to a nonterminal symbol regardless of its context ...
A compiler or interpreter for the language must recognize which uses of a variable belong together (refer to the same variable). This is typically subject to constraints such as: A variable must be initialized before its value is used. In strongly typed languages, each variable is assigned a type, and all uses of the variable must respect its type.
Formal language theory, the discipline that studies formal grammars and languages, is a branch of applied mathematics. Its applications are found in theoretical computer science, theoretical linguistics, formal semantics, mathematical logic, and other areas. A formal grammar is a set of rules for rewriting strings, along with a "start symbol ...
In computing, compiler correctness is the branch of computer science that deals with trying to show that a compiler behaves according to its language specification. [ citation needed ] Techniques include developing the compiler using formal methods and using rigorous testing (often called compiler validation) on an existing compiler.
A snippet of C code which prints "Hello, World!". The syntax of the C programming language is the set of rules governing writing of software in C. It is designed to allow for programs that are extremely terse, have a close relationship with the resulting object code, and yet provide relatively high-level data abstraction.
Each singleton language is trivially a pattern language, generated by a pattern without variables. Each pattern language can be produced by an indexed grammar: For example, using Σ = { a, b, c} and X = { x, y}, the pattern a x b y c x a y b is generated by a grammar with nonterminal symbols N = { S x, S y, S} ∪ X, terminal symbols T = Σ ...
Chicken Scheme compiler, a Scheme to C compiler that uses continuation-passing style for translating Scheme procedures into C functions while using the C-stack as the nursery for the generational garbage collector; Kelsey, Richard A. (March 1995). "A Correspondence between Continuation Passing Style and Static Single Assignment Form".
A convention in one language may be a requirement in another. Language conventions also affect individual source files. Each compiler (or interpreter) used to process source code is unique. The rules a compiler applies to the source creates implicit standards.