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Cryptorchidism is common in male dogs, occurring at a rate up to 10%. [19] This condition is one of the most common congenital defects in purebred dogs (11%), with 14% reported in Siberian Huskies. [20] Although the genetics are not fully understood, it is thought to be a recessive, and probably polygenetic, trait. [21]
Congenital hypothyroidism is a rare and is often underdiagnosed due to dogs with the condition often dying as young puppies. Congenital hypothyroidism is caused by a defect in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis or the thyroid hormone receptor. It is not uncommon for puppies with the condition to die early due to retarded growth and ...
Tetralogy of Fallot* is a congenital heart defect in dogs that includes four separate defects: pulmonic stenosis, a ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and an overriding aorta. Keeshonds and Bulldogs are predisposed. Signs include cyanosis and exercise intolerance.
A cloven paw is a congenital anomaly (birth defect) that affects some animals such as dogs. The condition occurs when the animal's paws do not separate properly during development. [1] [2] Cloven paw (conjoined paw pad) - Rear leg.
Familial renal disease is an uncommon cause of kidney failure in dogs and cats. Most causes are breed-related (familial) and some are inherited. Some are congenital (present at birth). Renal dysplasia is a type of familial kidney disease characterized by abnormal cellular differentiation of kidney tissue.
The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) has established a Congenital Heart Registry whose guidelines were established by veterinary cardiologists. A dog which auscultates normally at 12 months of age is considered to be free of congenital heart disease. Upon confirmation of this, OFA will issue a certificate. [3]
Collie eye anomaly (CEA) is a congenital, inherited, bilateral eye disease of dogs, which affects the retina, choroid, and sclera. It can be a mild disease or cause blindness. CEA is caused by a simple autosomal recessive gene defect. There is no treatment.
Congenital shunts are usually solitary. Acquired shunts are usually multiple, and are caused by portal hypertension in dogs with liver disease. This is most commonly seen in older dogs with cirrhosis, but may also be seen in younger dogs with liver fibrosis caused by lobular dissecting hepatitis. [7]