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Open string tuning; often played with capo on 3rd fret Banjo, tenor 4 strings 4 courses. Standard/common : C 3 G 3 D 4 A 4. Alternate: Irish : G 2 D 3 A 3 E 4; US US via Africa Irish tuning same as octave mandolin tuning Banjo, Plectrum 4 strings 4 courses. C 3 G 3 B 3 D 4. Chicago Tuning: D 3 G 3 B 3 E 4. US via Africa Baryton: 17 strings 17 ...
Tuning pins are used on instruments where there is no space for a knob on each string, such as pianos and harps. Turning the peg or pin tightens or loosens the string. Some tuning pegs and pins are tapered, some threaded. Some tuning pegs are ornamented with shell, metal, or plastic inlays, beads (pips) or rings.
The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
The Anglo-Saxon lyre, also known as the Germanic lyre, a rotta, (Old Norse : Hörpu) [1] or the Viking lyre, is a large plucked and strummed lyre that was played in Anglo-Saxon England, and more widely, in Germanic regions of northwestern Europe. The oldest lyre found in England dates before 450 AD and the most recent dates to the 10th century.
The contemporary lyra, modeled after Stagakis' design, is tuned in fifths (to G-d-a'), similar to the lowest three strings of a violin, albeit without a droning string. All strings may be fingered and used as melody strings. Some Lyras have a fourth string at the top tuned, to "e" (E5), as a violin E-string, to allow for a larger octave range.
A tuning wrench (also called a tuning lever or tuning hammer) is a specialized socket wrench used to tune string instruments, such as the piano, harp, and hammer dulcimer, that have strings wrapped around tuning pins. Other string instruments do not require a tuning wrench because their tuning pins or pegs come with handles (as with the violin ...
The remaining strings, which were tightened and loosened with metal harp wrest-pins and a tuning key or wrench, were usually bowed with a horsehair and wood bow. One characteristic feature of the crwth is that one leg of the bridge goes through a soundhole (see picture of player) and rests on the back of the instrument (the bottom of the soundbox).
The three strings are attached to the bridge ("donkey"), a component that carries three incisions - notches to keep the strings stable. Inside the lyre, a piece of wood, the soundpost, is wedged. The sides of the instrument are flat and are called "magla" (cheeks). The neck ("goula") is the point at which the lyre player holds the instrument.