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Compared to other common types of RCC, PRCC exhibits a relatively lower risk of tumor recurrence and cancer-related death after nephrectomy. [48] Specifically, the cancer-specific survival rate at five years following surgery with PRCC has reached up to 91%, while clear cell RCC and chromophobe RCC were 72% and 88%, respectively. [46]
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster or zona, [6] is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. [2] [7] Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide mark either on the left or right side of the body or face. [1]
[29] [30] The classic symptoms include a four-day fever (the four Ds) and the three Cs—cough, coryza (head cold, fever, sneezing), and conjunctivitis (red eyes)—along with a maculopapular rash. [31] Fever is common and typically lasts for about one week; the fever seen with measles is often as high as 40 °C (104 °F). [21]
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a medical syndrome that causes chronic widespread pain, accompanied by fatigue, awakening unrefreshed, and cognitive symptoms.Other symptoms can include headaches, lower abdominal pain or cramps, and depression. [9]
Active cancer (treatment within last 6 months or palliative) +1 point +1 point Calf swelling ≥ 3 cm compared to asymptomatic calf (measured 10 cm below tibial tuberosity) +1 point +2 points Swollen unilateral superficial veins (non-varicose, in symptomatic leg) +1 point +1 point Unilateral pitting edema (in symptomatic leg) +1 point —
In Minnesota, the barred owl was counted as one of the leading causes of mortality of prairie voles. [145] Studies of the barred owl diet in 6 urban metropolitan areas of British Columbia found that the diet was dominated by young rats of the invasive Rattus genus, comprising 52.8% of 688 prey items, well ahead of native Townsend's voles ...
There is no vaccine against hepatitis C. [1] [9] Prevention includes harm reduction efforts among people who inject drugs, testing donated blood, and treatment of people with chronic infection. [ 4 ] [ 10 ] Chronic infection can be cured more than 95% of the time with antiviral medications such as sofosbuvir or simeprevir .
COVID-19 is the deadliest pandemic in US history; [359] it was the third-leading cause of death in the US in 2020, behind heart disease and cancer. [360] From 2019 to 2020, US life expectancy dropped by 3 years for Hispanic Americans, 2.9 years for African Americans, and 1.2 years for white Americans. [ 361 ]