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Singapore is a city-state and island country in maritime Southeast Asia, located at the end of the Malayan Peninsula between Malaysia and Indonesia as well as the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea.
South Johor and the Riau Archipelago supplied products to Singapura for export elsewhere, while Singapura was the main source of foreign products to the region. Archaeological artefacts such as ceramics and glassware found in the Riau Archipelago are evidence of this. In addition, cotton was transshipped from Java or India through Singapura. [61]
The English name of "Singapore" is an anglicisation of the native Malay name for the country, Singapura (pronounced), which was in turn derived from the Sanskrit word for 'lion city' (Sanskrit: सिंहपुर; romanised: Siṃhapura; Brahmi: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭; literally "lion city"; siṃha means 'lion', pura means 'city' or 'fortress'). [9]
Greater India, or Greater India Basin also signifies "the Indian Plate plus a postulated northern extension", the product of the Indian–Asia collision. [23] Although its usage in geology pre-dates Plate tectonic theory, [ 24 ] the term has seen increased usage since the 1970s.
The location of Sinhapura is disputed with some scholars stating the city was located in eastern India. [1] According to Niraj et al Sinhapura is located in north west India. [ 2 ] The city is linked to the origin of the Sinhalese people and Sinhalese Buddhist ancient texts.
The early historic evidence of Singapura points to earlier settlements, with discoveries in nearby areas providing deeper insights. A microlithic tool factory in Jalahalli indicates human presence dating back 2,500 to 3,000 years, and the discovery of Roman coins in Yeswanthpur suggests ancient trade connections in the area thousands of years ago.
Siachen glacier (shown white) is an actively contested region between India and Pakistan. At present the region is in control of India since 1984. The northeastern territory of Arunachal Pradesh is almost entirely claimed by China as part of its Tibetan territory.
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