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For example, the three isomers of xylene CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 3, commonly the ortho-, meta-, and para-forms, are 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, and 1,4-dimethylbenzene. The cyclic structures can also be treated as functional groups themselves, in which case they take the prefix "cyclo alkyl -" (e.g. "cyclohexyl-") or for benzene, "phenyl-".
For example, the main constituent of white vinegar is CH 3 COOH, which is commonly called acetic acid and is also its recommended IUPAC name, but its formal, systematic IUPAC name is ethanoic acid. The IUPAC's rules for naming organic and inorganic compounds are contained in two publications, known as the Blue Book [1] [2] and the Red Book, [3 ...
IUPAC states that, "As one of its major activities, IUPAC develops Recommendations to establish unambiguous, uniform, and consistent nomenclature and terminology for specific scientific fields, usually presented as: glossaries of terms for specific chemical disciplines; definitions of terms relating to a group of properties; nomenclature of chemical compounds and their classes; terminology ...
In the example, there is a bromo-substituted -CH 2-CH 2 - subunit. 1-Bromoethane-1,2-diyl is chosen in preference to 2- bromoethane-1,2-diyl as the former has a lower locant for the bromo-substituent. The preferred CRU is therefore oxy(1-bromoethane-1,2-diyl) and the polymer is thus named poly[oxy(1-bromoethane-1,2-diyl)].
The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical compound.The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" simply names it.
1 mono- 30 triaconta- 2 di- 31 hentriaconta- 3 tri- 32 dotriaconta- 4 tetra- 33 tritriaconta- 5 penta- 34 tetratriaconta- 6 hexa- 40 tetraconta- 7 hepta- 50 pentaconta- 8 octa- 60 hexaconta- 9 nona- 70 heptaconta- 10 deca- 80 octaconta- 11 undeca- 90 nonaconta- 12 dodeca- 100 hecta- 13 trideca- 200 dicta- 14 tetradeca- 300 tricta- 15 pentadeca-
In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group. An acetyl group contains a methyl group ( −CH 3 ) that is single-bonded to a carbonyl ( C=O ), making it an acyl group . The carbonyl center of an acyl radical has one non-bonded electron with which it forms a chemical bond to the remainder (denoted with the letter R ) of the ...
Multiplicative nomenclature is to be preferred over simple substitutive if it can be used. This is the nomenclature with an apostrophe after numbers such as 4'; it allows multiple occurrences of the principal characteristic group or compound class to be treated together. Example: 4,4′-sulfanediyldibenzoic acid refers to (COOH-C 6 H 4) 2 S.