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upconversion of direct diode semiconductor lasers via thulium- or praseodymium-doped fibers at 480 nm [4] metal vapor, ionized gas lasers of helium-cadmium at 442 nm and 10–200 mW [5] argon-ion lasers at 458 and 488 nm [5] Lasers emitting wavelengths below 445 nm appear violet, but are nonetheless also called blue lasers.
Helium–silver (HeAg) metal-vapor laser [3] 224.3 nm Scientific research Strontium vapor laser: 430.5 nm Scientific research Neon–copper (NeCu) metal-vapor laser [3] 248.6 nm Electrical discharge in metal vapor mixed with neon buffer gas. Scientific research: Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy [4] [5] Copper vapor laser: 510.6 nm, 578.2 nm ...
Endogenous porphyrins that are light-absorbing compounds located within certain bacteria produce photosensitized reactions in the presence of light in the blue region of the spectrum (400-500 nm), [128] showing better antimicrobial efficacy than other wavelengths in the visible spectrum (e.g. green and red, 500-700 nm) in the absence of an ...
UV light wavelengths range between 295 nm-400 nm and are known to induce skin and DNA damage. [3] As a result, action spectra have been used to measure the efficiency of different light wavelengths in disinfecting water, the rate and mechanism of photodegradation of folic acid in the blood, and the chirality of molecules to determine secondary ...
The Cherenkov light emitted from patient's tissue during radiation therapy is a very low light level signal but can be detected by specially designed cameras that synchronize their acquisition to the linear accelerator pulses. [31] The ability to see this signal shows the shape of the radiation beam as it is incident upon the tissue in real ...
Many materials have a well-characterized refractive index, but these indices often depend strongly upon the frequency of light, causing optical dispersion. Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the "yellow doublet" sodium D line, with a wavelength (λ) of 589 nanometers.
Blue light, a type of high-energy light, is part of the visible light spectrum. High-energy visible light (HEV light) is short-wave light in the violet/blue band from 400 to 450 nm in the visible spectrum, which has a number of purported negative biological effects, namely on circadian rhythm and retinal health (blue-light hazard), which can lead to age-related macular degeneration.
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) spans the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum from 400 to 700 nanometers. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) designates the spectral range (wave band) of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis.