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Eduardo De Filippo as Pulcinella, a character from the commedia dell'arte Commedia dell'arte troupe I Gelosi performing, by Hieronymus Francken I, c. 1590. Commedia dell'arte [a] was an early form of professional theatre, originating from Italian theatre, that was popular throughout Europe between the 16th and 18th centuries.
Harlequin wore a very small hat, the mask was sometimes swapped out for a face-painted diamond, and the costume pattern became entirely made up of diamonds with a small bow or collar. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Brighella wore a servant's suit of rough off-white fabric, trimmed with green on the sides of his pants and down the front of his long shirt.
Sandrone (Sandróun in Modenese dialect) is the traditional mask and character of the Commedia dell'arte representing the city of Modena. [1] Origin
Pulcinella's versatility in status and attitude has captivated audiences worldwide and kept the character popular in countless forms since his introduction to commedia dell'arte by Silvio Fiorillo in 1620. [1] His visual appearance includes a humpback, a crooked nose, gangly legs, a potbelly, large cheeks, and a gigantic mouth.
Brighella, from the 16th century. Brighella (Bergamasque dialect: Brighèla) is a comic, masked character from the Italian theatre style commedia dell'arte.His early costume consisted of loosely fitting, white smock and pants with green trim and was often equipped with a batocio (also batacchio or battacio, depending on region) or slapstick, or else with a wooden sword.
The costumes of the lovers were the fashion of the day, and the extravagance of the lovers costumes often represented the status of the commedia dell'arte company. [5] The lovers never wear the masks, which is characteristic of most of the other stock characters in the commedia dell'arte.
The Art of Commedia: A Study in the Commedia dell'arte, 1560-1620, with Special Reference to the Visual Records. Amsterdam & New York: Rodopi B. V. ISBN 9789042017986. Lea, K.M. (1934). Italian popular comedy: a study in the Commedia dell'arte, 1560-1620, with special reference to the English stage. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zanni (Italian:), Zani or Zane is a character type of commedia dell'arte best known as an astute servant and a trickster. The Zanni comes from the countryside and is known to be a "dispossessed immigrant worker". [1] [Note 1] Through time, the Zanni grew to be a popular figure who was first seen in commedia as early as the 14th century. [2]