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A Linux-based system is a modular Unix-like operating system, deriving much of its basic design from principles established in Unix during the 1970s and 1980s. Such a system uses a monolithic kernel, the Linux kernel, which handles process control, networking, access to the peripherals, and file systems.
The Linux Foundation's online and in-person training programs aim to deliver broad, foundational knowledge and networking opportunities. In March 2014, the Linux Foundation and edX partnered to offer a free, massive open online class titled Introduction to Linux. [51]
Linus Torvalds in 2002. In 1991, while studying computer science at University of Helsinki, Linus Torvalds began a project that later became the Linux kernel.He wrote the program specifically for the hardware he was using and independent of an operating system because he wanted to use the functions of his new PC with an 80386 processor.
Popular distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Fedora, SUSE Linux Enterprise, openSUSE, Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Slackware Linux, Arch Linux and Gentoo. [ 34 ] A free derivative of BSD Unix, 386BSD , was released in 1992 and led to the NetBSD and FreeBSD projects.
The book covers topics related to the Linux operating system and operating systems in general. It chronicles the history of Unix and how it led to the creation of Linux. The book provides samples of code written in C, and learning exercises at the end of chapters.
The Linux Namespaces originated in 2002 in the 2.4.19 kernel with work on the mount namespace kind. Additional namespaces were added beginning in 2006 [3] and continuing into the future. Adequate containers support functionality was finished in kernel version 3.8 [4] [5] with the introduction of User namespaces. [6]
Ubuntu (/ ʊ ˈ b ʊ n t uː / ⓘ uu-BUUN-too) [9] is a Linux distribution derived from Debian and composed mostly of free and open-source software. [10] [11] [12] Ubuntu is officially released in multiple editions: Desktop, [13] Server, [14] and Core [15] for Internet of things devices [16] and robots.
In keeping with Unix shell conventions, Bash incorporates a rich set of features. The keywords, syntax, dynamically scoped variables, and other basic features of the language are all copied from the Bourne shell, (sh). Other features, e.g., history, are copied from the C shell, (csh), and the Korn Shell, (ksh).
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