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  2. Chemical polarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_polarity

    A completely polar bond is more correctly called an ionic bond, and occurs when the difference between electronegativities is large enough that one atom actually takes an electron from the other. The terms "polar" and "nonpolar" are usually applied to covalent bonds , that is, bonds where the polarity is not complete.

  3. Solvent effects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvent_effects

    For S N 1 reactions the solvent's ability to stabilize the intermediate carbocation is of direct importance to its viability as a suitable solvent. The ability of polar solvents to increase the rate of S N 1 reactions is a result of the polar solvent's solvating the reactant intermediate species, i.e., the carbocation, thereby decreasing the ...

  4. Glycosidic bond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosidic_bond

    A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate. Formation of ethyl glucoside: Glucose and ethanol combine to form ethyl glucoside and water .

  5. Monosaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide

    The number of open chain stereoisomers for an aldose monosaccharide is larger by one than that of a ketose monosaccharide of the same length. Every ketose will have 2 (n−3) stereoisomers where n > 2 is the number of carbons. Every aldose will have 2 (n−2) stereoisomers where n > 2 is the number of carbons. These are also referred to as ...

  6. Solvent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvent

    In chemical reactions the use of polar protic solvents favors the S N 1 reaction mechanism, while polar aprotic solvents favor the S N 2 reaction mechanism. These polar solvents are capable of forming hydrogen bonds with water to dissolve in water whereas non-polar solvents are not capable of strong hydrogen bonds.

  7. 10 Types of Sugar, Explained (Because There’s More ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/10-types-sugar-explained-because...

    White granulated sugar is most commonly used to create liquid sugar, and the process of making it is, indeed, simple—just dissolve the sugar in an equal amount of boiling water and, ta-da ...

  8. Polar aprotic solvent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_aprotic_solvent

    A polar aprotic solvent is a solvent that lacks an acidic proton and is polar. ... (CH 3 N) 2 COC 3 H 6: 246.5 °C 36.1 1.064 g/cm 3: 4.23 high boiling point

  9. Solution (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_(chemistry)

    Making a saline water solution by dissolving table salt in water.The salt is the solute and the water the solvent. In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes.