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These expectations, in turn, gave rise to gender stereotypes that play a role in the formation of sexism in the work place, i.e., occupational sexism. [1] According to a reference, there are three common patterns associated with social role theory that might help explain the relationship between the theory and occupational sexism.
Gender role is not the same thing as gender identity, which refers to the internal sense of one's own gender, whether or not it aligns with categories offered by societal norms. The point at which these internalized gender identities become externalized into a set of expectations is the genesis of a gender role. [19] [20]
One of the two main causes of prejudice preventing women from achievement of high-status positions or success is the perception of women when placed in leadership roles. In an article on prejudice towards female leaders, Eagly and Karau (2002) [3] found that women who are leaders are perceived in a less positive manner when compared to male leaders.
This problem is exacerbated by the gender pay gap; family role expectations; lack of visible role models or mentors; discrimination and harassment; and bias in hiring and promotion practices. [110] A key issue towards insuring gender equality in the workplace is the respecting of maternity rights and reproductive rights of women. [111]
Research on gender-role stereotypes has gone on for decades. It is widely accepted that certain behaviors are considered more feminine and certain behaviors are considered more masculine. Feminine behaviors have been characterized as interpersonal in orientation and focused on a concern for others.
Gender-diverse leaders also find that gender differences matter less in gender-diverse environments [110] or where their identities are more prototypical of the group; for example, with activist organizations [41] and with inclusive churches. [111] Scholars have found some traits more important for women’s leadership emergence then they are ...
One of the most profound differences between men and women is the role each plays in reproduction. Menstruation and gestation have historically influenced and limited the role that women played in society. In some societies, a woman's value was measured in her ability to bear children, and raising children became the focus of many women's lives.
Gender has played a crucial role in our societal norms and the distinction between how female and male roles are viewed in society. Specifically within the workplace, and in the home. Historically there was a division of roles created by society due to gender. Gender was a social difference between female and male; whereas sex was nature.