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  2. Section modulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_modulus

    In solid mechanics and structural engineering, section modulus is a geometric property of a given cross-section used in the design of beams or flexural members.Other geometric properties used in design include: area for tension and shear, radius of gyration for compression, and second moment of area and polar second moment of area for stiffness.

  3. Grade beam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_beam

    Grade beam. A grade beam or grade beam footing is a component of a building's foundation. It consists of a reinforced concrete beam that transmits the load from a bearing wall into spaced foundations such as pile caps or caissons. [1] It is used in conditions where the surface soil's load-bearing capacity is less than the anticipated design loads.

  4. Deflection (engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflection_(engineering)

    In this case, the equation governing the beam's deflection can be approximated as: = () where the second derivative of its deflected shape with respect to (being the horizontal position along the length of the beam) is interpreted as its curvature, is the Young's modulus, is the area moment of inertia of the cross-section, and is the internal ...

  5. Arching or compressive membrane action in reinforced concrete ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arching_or_Compressive...

    The derivation of the maximum arching moment of resistance of laterally restrained concrete bridge deck slabs utilised Rankin's [21] idealised elastic-plastic stress-strain criterion for concrete, valid for concrete cylinder strengths up to at least 70N/mm 2, which he had derived on the basis of Hognestad, Hanson and McHenry's [23] ultimate ...

  6. Double tee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_tee

    They designed the wings to expand the structural channel in order to cover more area at a lower cost. [2] In 1951, Harry Edwards and Paul Zia designed a 4-foot (1.2 m) wide prestressed double tee section. Non-prestressed double tees were constructed in Miami in 1952 followed by prestressed double tees in 1953. Separately, engineers of ...

  7. Structural steel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_steel

    Approximately half of the cost of using reinforced concrete in a structural project is attributed to the construction of the form-work. In order to save time, and therefore costs, structural concrete members may be pre-cast. This refers to a reinforced concrete beam, girder, or column being poured off site and left to cure.

  8. Ship measurements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship_measurements

    Cube – The cargo carrying capacity of a ship, measured in cubic metres or feet. There are two common types: Bale Cube (or Bale Capacity) – The space available for cargo measured in cubic metres or feet to the inside of the cargo battens, on the frames, and to the underside of the beams. It is a measurement of capacity for cargo in bales or ...

  9. Euler–Bernoulli beam theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler–Bernoulli_beam_theory

    Euler–Bernoulli beam theory (also known as engineer's beam theory or classical beam theory) [1] is a simplification of the linear theory of elasticity which provides a means of calculating the load-carrying and deflection characteristics of beams. It covers the case corresponding to small deflections of a beam that is subjected to lateral ...