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A LM317 commonly requires a heat sink to prevent the operating temperature from rising too high. For large voltage differences, the power lost as heat can ultimately be greater than that provided to the circuit. This is the tradeoff for using linear regulators, which are a simple way to provide a stable voltage with few additional components.
LM317: Adjustable 1.5 A positive voltage regulator (1.25 V-37 V) [62] LM120 LM320 Fixed 1.5 A negative voltage regulator (-5 V, -12 V, -15 V) [63] LM123 LM323 Fixed 3 A, 5-volt positive voltage regulator [64] LM325 Yes Dual ±15-volt voltage regulator [65] LM330 5-volt positive voltage regulator, 0.6 V input-output difference [66] LM333 Yes
A heatsinked TO-220 package dissipating 1 W of heat will have an internal (junction) temperature typically 2 to 5 °C higher than the package's temperature (due to the thermal resistance between the junction and the metal tab), and the metal tab of the TO-220 package will typically have a temperature 1 to 60 °C higher than the ambient ...
Low-dropout (LDO) regulators operate similarly to all linear voltage regulators.The main difference between LDO and non-LDO regulators is their schematic topology.Instead of an emitter follower topology, low-dropout regulators consist of an open collector or open drain topology, where the transistor may be easily driven into saturation with the voltages available to the regulator.
A process design kit (PDK) is a set of files used within the semiconductor industry to model a fabrication process for the design tools used to design an integrated circuit. The PDK is created by the foundry defining a certain technology variation for their processes.
Size comparison of BJT transistor packages, from left to right: SOT-23, TO-92, TO-126, TO-3 3D model of TO-3 package. In electronics, TO-3 is a designation for a standardized metal semiconductor package used for power semiconductors, including transistors, silicon controlled rectifiers, and, integrated circuits.
A circuit diagram (or: wiring diagram, electrical diagram, elementary diagram, electronic schematic) is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit. A pictorial circuit diagram uses simple images of components, while a schematic diagram shows the components and interconnections of the circuit using standardized symbolic representations.