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In number theory, a branch of mathematics, the special number field sieve (SNFS) is a special-purpose integer factorization algorithm. The general number field sieve (GNFS) was derived from it. The special number field sieve is efficient for integers of the form r e ± s , where r and s are small (for instance Mersenne numbers ).
The principle of the number field sieve (both special and general) can be understood as an improvement to the simpler rational sieve or quadratic sieve. When using such algorithms to factor a large number n , it is necessary to search for smooth numbers (i.e. numbers with small prime factors) of order n 1/2 .
Read out all the entries in the sieve region with a large enough value. For the number field sieve application, it is necessary for two polynomials both to have smooth values; this is handled by running the inner loop over both polynomials, whilst the special-q can be taken from either side.
General number field sieve; Lenstra elliptic curve factorization; Pollard's p − 1 algorithm; Pollard's rho algorithm; prime factorization algorithm; Quadratic sieve; Shor's algorithm; Special number field sieve; Trial division; Multiplication algorithms: fast multiplication of two numbers Karatsuba algorithm; Schönhage–Strassen algorithm
Mersenne numbers are very good test cases for the special number field sieve algorithm, so often the largest number factorized with this algorithm has been a Mersenne number. As of June 2019 [update] , 2 1,193 − 1 is the record-holder, [ 27 ] having been factored with a variant of the special number field sieve that allows the factorization ...
Number field sieve (NFS) is an integer factorization method, it can be: General number field sieve (GNFS): Number field sieve for any integer Special number field sieve (SNFS): Number field sieve for integers of a certain special form
The index calculus algorithm is much easier to state than the Function Field Sieve and the Number Field Sieve since it does not involve any advanced algebraic structures. It is asymptotically slower with a complexity of L p [ 1 / 2 , 2 ] {\displaystyle L_{p}[1/2,{\sqrt {2}}]} .
A prime number is a natural number that has no natural number divisors other than the number 1 and itself.. To find all the prime numbers less than or equal to a given integer N, a sieve algorithm examines a set of candidates in the range 2, 3, …, N, and eliminates those that are not prime, leaving the primes at the end.