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Colour fastness is a term—used in the dyeing of textile materials—that characterizes a material's colour's resistance to fading or running.Colour fastness is the property of dyes and it is directly proportional to the binding force between photochromic dye and the fibre.
Absolute values of fading will depend on light intensity. Relative values of fading, comparing the sample with the standard blue test strip, will depend less on intensity. For example, if a pigment is rated as "BW5" it can be expected to fade to the same degree as strip number 5 on a bluewool test card, for any specific light exposure.
AATCC published its first four color fastness test methods in 1923. 1964. AATCC built and moved into the Technical Center in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina in 1964. 1965. AATCC began conducting test method training programs in 1965. Durable press testing was the most popular training initially offered at the Technical Center. 1966
Test first: Always do a patch test in an inconspicuous spot before applying. Apply: Spray the solution directly onto the stain. Blot: Use a clean cloth to blot the stain, working from the outside in.
The Kawabata evaluation system (KES) is used to measure the mechanical properties of fabrics. [1] The system was developed by a team led by Professor Kawabata in the department of polymer chemistry, Kyoto University Japan. KES is composed of four different machines on which a total of six tests can be performed: [2]
For example, if the lightfastness of the colourant is indicated to be 5 on the Blue Wool scale, it can be expected to fade by a similar amount as the strip number 5 in the Blue Wool test strip set. The success of the test can be confirmed by comparing the test strip set with the reference set that was stored protected from the light. [12] [13]
The test method evaluates the thermal resistance and water vapor permeability of fabrics, which bear on the garment's comfort. [115] [116] ISO 11092:2014 (the test for physiological effects — Test for measuring thermal resistance and water-vapor resistance) [117] ASTM F1868 (test for measuring thermal and evaporative resistance) [118]
The Martindale method, also known as the Martindale rub test, simulates natural wear of a seat cover, in which the textile sample is rubbed against a standard abrasive surface with a specified force. The test equipment works in intervals of 5000 cycles, totalling the wear number (unit: Martindale) of abrasion cycles that leads to the material ...