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The Holocaust (/ ˈ h ɒ l ə k ɔː s t / ⓘ), [1] known in Hebrew as the Shoah (שואה), was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population.
World War II deaths by country World War II deaths by theater. World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history.An estimated total of 70–85 million deaths were caused by the conflict, representing about 3% of the estimated global population of 2.3 billion in 1940. [1]
Accounts of the concentration camps – both condemnatory and sympathetic – were publicized outside of Germany before World War II. [106] Many survivors testified about their experiences or wrote memoirs after the war. Some of these accounts have become internationally famous, such as Primo Levi's 1947 book, If This is a Man. [107]
Holocaust deniers or negationists are people and organizations who assert that the Holocaust did not occur, or that it did not occur in the historically recognized manner and extent. [75] Holocaust deniers claim that the extermination camps were actually transit camps from which Jews were deported farther east.
It was 80 years ago that Soviet troops liberated the Nazi death camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Some of the last survivors will be joined by world leaders on Monday, to commemorate the 1.1 million ...
All three pilots were descendants of Holocaust survivors, including the man who led the flight, Major-General Amir Eshel. [347] On 27 January 2015, some 300 Auschwitz survivors gathered with world leaders under a giant tent at the entrance to Auschwitz II to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the camp's liberation. [348] [l]
People's Republic of Angola, later Republic of Angola, and allies vs. Democratic People's Republic of Angola and allies Angola Burundian Civil War: 0.55–0.8 million [98] [99] [90] 1993–2005 Burundi vs. Ethnic Hutu vs. Tutsi Militants Rwanda and Burundi Second Punic War: 0.77 million [100] 218 BCE–201 BCE Roman Republic vs. Ancient Carthage
An additional 3,576,300 were captured by the Soviets, 442,100 of whom died. Finland and the Axis suffered the loss of 668,200 men as killed in action, missing in action against the Soviet forces or for non-combat reasons on the Eastern Front.