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By the 17th century, the Catholic Church and Spain had a close bond, attesting to the fact that Spain was virtually free of Protestantism during the 16th century. In 1620, there were 100,000 Spaniards in the clergy; by 1660 the number had grown to about 200,000, and the Church owned 20% of all the land in Spain.
Spain lost French Flanders and northern part of the Principality of Catalonia. 1665: Philip IV died. [10] The Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometers (4.7 million square miles) in area 1668: The Treaty of Lisbon was signed. Spain recognized the sovereignty of Portugal's new ruling dynasty, the House of Braganza. 1675
Spain was not yet at peace, as the aggressive Henry II of France came to the throne in 1547 and renewed the conflict between the two countries four years later. Charles' successor, Philip II, aggressively conducted the war against France, crushing a French army at the Battle of St. Quentin in Picardy in 1557 and defeating Henry again at the ...
At 505,992 km 2 (195,365 sq mi), Spain is the world's fifty-first largest country and Europe's fourth largest country. It is some 47,000 km 2 (18,000 sq mi) smaller than France. At 3,715 m (12,188 ft), Mount Teide ( Tenerife ) is the highest mountain peak in Spain and is the third largest volcano in the world from its base.
Map of 1720 showing the interior kingdoms of peninsular Spain during the Ancient Regime. Map of 1841, made by J. Archer, showing for Spain the territorial division of Floridablanca of 1785. [2] Philip V created, taking as a base the pre-existing provinces created by the Austrias, the institution of the intendancies. Although it is true that ...
Christopher Columbus [b] (/ k ə ˈ l ʌ m b ə s /; [2] between 25 August and 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italian [3] [c] explorer and navigator from the Republic of Genoa [3] [4] who completed four Spanish-based voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas.
The first major territory Spain was to lose in the 19th century was the vast Louisiana Territory, which had few European settlers. It stretched north to Canada and was ceded by France in 1763 under the terms of the Treaty of Fontainebleau .
Cumaná in Venezuela was the first permanent settlement founded by Europeans in the mainland Americas, [18] in 1501 by Franciscan friars, but due to successful attacks by the indigenous people, it had to be refounded several times, until Diego Hernández de Serpa's foundation in 1569. The Spanish founded San Sebastián de Uraba in 1509 but ...