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The history of the Catholic Church is the formation, events, and historical development of the Catholic Church through time.. According to the tradition of the Catholic Church, it started from the day of Pentecost at the upper room of Jerusalem; [1] the Catholic tradition considers that the Church is a continuation of the early Christian community established by the Disciples of Jesus.
Byzantine image depicting Jesus as Christ pantocrator. 4 BC: Nativity of Jesus.According to the Gospel of Luke, his birth occurred in the town of Bethlehem during the reigns of King Herod the Great of Judaea and the Roman Emperor Augustus, and he was the son of the Virgin Mary, who conceived him by the power of the Holy Spirit.
Traditionally, the period from the death of Jesus until the death of the last of the Twelve Apostles is called the Apostolic Age. [94] The first Christians were men and women who had known Jesus and who witnessed to his resurrection. [95] They were a Jewish sect with an apocalyptic eschatology.
Bart D. Ehrman attributes the rapid spread of Christianity to five factors: (1) the promise of salvation and eternal life for everyone was an attractive alternative to Roman religions; (2) stories of miracles and healings purportedly showed that the one Christian God was more powerful than the many Roman gods; (3) Christianity began as a ...
Baptism was free, and there were no fees, which made Christianity more affordable than traditional Roman models. [52] [53] The religion's inclusivity extended to women, who made up significant numbers of Christianity's earliest members. [54] Women could attain greater freedom through religious activities than Roman customs otherwise permitted.
The first Roman Catholic Holy Year is believed to have been instigated by Pope Boniface in 1300. ... The Church teaches that people who do not go straight to heaven after death must first spend ...
The Early Church of Jerusalem is considered to be the first community of early Christianity.It was formed in Jerusalem after the crucifixion of Jesus.It proclaimed to Jews and non-Jews the resurrection of Jesus Christ, the forgiveness of sins and Jesus' commandments to prepare for his return and the associated end of the world.
Resurrection of Jesus – Christian religious belief that Jesus Christ returned to bodily life on the Sunday following the Friday on which he was executed by crucifixion. Apostolic Age – period of the Twelve Apostles, dating from the Crucifixion of Jesus (c. 30–33) and the Great Commission in Jerusalem until the death of John the Apostle (c ...