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The middle meatus is the middle-sized and located nasal opening, lying underneath the middle concha and above the inferior concha where the meatus extends along its length. On it is a curved fissure, the hiatus semilunaris, limited below by the edge of the uncinate process of the ethmoid and above by an elevation named the bulla ethmoidalis ...
The ethmoid bulla (or ethmoidal bulla) is a rounded elevation upon the lateral wall of the middle nasal meatus [1] [2]: 377 (nasal cavity inferior to the middle nasal concha) produced by one or more of the underlying middle ethmoidal air cells (which open into the nasal cavity upon or superior to the ethmoidal bulla [2]: 374 [3]).
The frontonasal duct may or may not drain into the ethmoidal infundibulum - this is determined by the place of attachment of the uncinate process of the ethmoid bone: if the uncinate process is attached to the lateral nasal wall, the frontonasal duct will open directly into the middle nasal meatus; if otherwise, it will drain into the infundibulum.
The middle ethmoidal cells drain directly into the middle nasal meatus. [3] The posterior ethmoidal cells drain directly into the superior nasal meatus [3] [5] at the sphenoethmoidal recess; [5] sometimes, one or more opens into the sphenoidal sinus. [4]
Human anatomy is the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human. It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy . Gross anatomy (also called topographical anatomy, regional anatomy, or anthropotomy) is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by unaided vision.
The maxillary sinus is the largest of the sinuses and drains into the middle meatus. Most of the ostia open into the middle meatus and the anterior ethmoid, that together are termed the ostiomeatal complex. [32] Adults have a high concentration of cilia in the ostia. The cilia in the sinuses beat towards the openings into the nasal cavity.
The uncinate process can be attached to either the lateral nasal wall, on the lamina papyracea (50%), the anterior cranial fossa, on the ethmoidal roof (25%), or the middle concha (25%). The superior attachment of the uncinate process determines the drainage pattern of the frontal sinus.
The lateral surface of the middle concha is concave, and assists in forming the middle meatus of the nose. The middle ethmoidal cells open into the central part of this meatus, and a sinuous passage, termed the infundibulum, extends upward and forward through the labyrinth and communicates with the anterior ethmoidal cells, and in about 50% of ...