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In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
A Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) is a detailed diagram in the process industry which shows process equipment together with the instrumentation and control devices. It is also called as mechanical flow diagram (MFD). [1]
[4] [5] [6] A generalized model of the flow distribution in channel networks of planar fuel cells. [6] Similar to Ohm's law, the pressure drop is assumed to be proportional to the flow rates. The relationship of pressure drop, flow rate and flow resistance is described as Q 2 = ∆P/R. f = 64/Re for laminar flow where Re is the Reynolds number.
In most contexts a mention of rate of fluid flow is likely to refer to the volumetric rate. In hydrometry, the volumetric flow rate is known as discharge. Volumetric flow rate should not be confused with volumetric flux, as defined by Darcy's law and represented by the symbol q, with units of m 3 /(m 2 ·s), that is, m·s −1. The integration ...
In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f D, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.
Q is the rate of flow (expressed in US gallons per minute), SG is the specific gravity of the fluid (for water = 1), ΔP is the pressure drop across the valve (expressed in psi). In more practical terms, the flow coefficient C v is the volume (in US gallons) of water at 60 °F (16 °C) that will flow per minute through a valve with a pressure ...
Flow is considered to be laminar. The formula below is valid for a spool valve when the spool is steady. [1] Concentric spool/valve housing position i.e. the height/radial clearance c is the same all around: Units as per SI conventions : Flow Q i = (∆P · π · d · c 3) ÷ (12 · ν · ρ · L) where: Q = volumetric flow rate (m^3/sec)
Flux F through a surface, dS is the differential vector area element, n is the unit normal to the surface. Left: No flux passes in the surface, the maximum amount flows normal to the surface.