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[[Category:Coordinates conversion templates]] to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of that page. Otherwise, add <noinclude>[[Category:Coordinates conversion templates]]</noinclude> to the end of the template code, making sure it starts on the same line as the code's last character.
The projection from spheroid to a UTM zone is some parameterization of the transverse Mercator projection. The parameters vary by nation or region or mapping system. Most zones in UTM span 6 degrees of longitude, and each has a designated central meridian. The scale factor at the central meridian is specified to be 0.9996 of true scale for most ...
In geodesy, geographic coordinate conversion is defined as translation among different coordinate formats or map projections all referenced to the same geodetic datum. [1] A geographic coordinate transformation is a translation among different geodetic datums. Both geographic coordinate conversion and transformation will be considered in this ...
A projected coordinate system – also called a projected coordinate reference system, planar coordinate system, or grid reference system – is a type of spatial reference system that represents locations on Earth using Cartesian coordinates (x, y) on a planar surface created by a particular map projection. [1]
[[Category:Conversion templates]] to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of that page. Otherwise, add <noinclude>[[Category:Conversion templates]]</noinclude> to the end of the template code, making sure it starts on the same line as the code's last character.
The series must be used with a geodetic datum which specifies the position, orientation and shape of a reference ellipsoid.Although the projection formulae depend only on the shape parameters of the reference ellipsoid the full set of datum parameters is necessary to link the projection coordinates to true positions in three-dimensional space.
Thomas–UTM: The λ expansions of Krüger were also confirmed by Paul Thomas in 1952: [12] they are readily available in Snyder. [13] His projection formulae, completely equivalent to those presented by Redfearn, were adopted by the United States Defence Mapping Agency as the basis for the UTM . [ 14 ]
Near the equator, the columns of UTM zone 1 have the letters A–H, the columns of UTM zone 2 have the letters J–R (omitting O), and the columns of UTM zone 3 have the letters S–Z. At zone 4, the column letters start over from A, and so on around the world. For the row letters, there are actually two alternative lettering schemes within MGRS: