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Iris × germanica is the accepted name for a species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae commonly known as the bearded iris [2] or the German bearded iris. [3] It is one of a group of hybrid origin.
In 1937, Stevens Brothers began including bearded iris in its catalogues. Between 1936 and 1939, three of Jean's irises won awards of merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, and a fourth prompted the American iris breeder Robert Schreiner to introduce some of her cultivars into the North American market. [2]
Bearded rhizomatous irises. Section Iris. Iris adriatica Trinajstic ex Mitic; Iris albertii Reg. Iris albicans – white cemetery iris, white flag iris; Iris ...
Many modern garden bearded irises are crosses of 'Iris germanica' and Iris variegata. [ 4 ] Iris variegata is an accepted name by the RHS , [ 19 ] and it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003, then updated on 20 April 2009.
It is similar in form to Iris × germanica. [2] It is classed as a medium-sized bearded iris, [3] and grows up to between 30–40 cm (12–16 in) tall. [4] It has a branched stem. [3] Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.
Subgenus Iris is one subgenus of Iris. Iris as a plant was originally named by Carl Linnaeus in his book Systema Naturae (in 1735), with a great number of species being added into the genus. Including new ones that were found after the book's publication. The division of irises into various subgroups, has taken various forms over the years.
William Caparne (1855–1940), born William John Caparn, was a British horticulturist and a painter of floral and other subjects. He created the first hybrids in the intermediate bearded iris group, and is thought to have created more than 100 cultivars of bulbous iris.
In 2012, a study was carried out on 4 diploid and 7 allopolyploid bearded Iris species. Their leaf flavonoid, isoflavonoid and xanthone constituents were investigated. It also found that Iris bicapitata had a chromosome number of 2n=40, and was a parent species of Iris germanica and Iris albicans (who are counted as 2n=44).
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