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Chemical communication in insects is social signalling between insects of the same or different species, using chemicals. These chemicals may be volatile, to be detected at a distance by other insects' sense of smell, or non-volatile, to be detected on an insect's cuticle by other insects' sense of taste.
Plant communication encompasses communication using volatile organic compounds, electrical signaling, and common mycorrhizal networks between plants and a host of other organisms such as soil microbes, [2] other plants [3] (of the same or other species), animals, [4] insects, [5] and fungi. [6]
In positive plant-insect interactions, GLVs are used as a form of defense. They attract predators to plants that are being preyed upon by herbivores . [ 4 ] For example, female parasitoid wasps from two different families, Microplitis croceipes and Netelia heroica , can be attracted to plants that are emitting GLVs due to wounding from ...
The fig plant is entirely dependent on the fig wasp for pollination, and the fig wasp requires the fig plant for reproductive purposes. [3] Many insect-fungi relationships are also co-obligate: the insect disperses, and in some cases protects, the fungi while the fungi provide nutrients for the insects.
Monarch butterfly caterpillar on milkweed plant.. Plant, microbe, and insect chemical ecology focuses on the role of chemical cues and signals in mediating interactions with their abiotic (e.g. ability of some bacterium to reduce metals in the surrounding environment) and biotic environment (e.g. microorganisms, phytophagous insects, and pollinators).
Production of allomones is a common form of defense, such as by plant species against insect herbivores or prey species against predators. Sometimes species produce the sex pheromones of the organisms they exploit as prey or pollinators (such as bolas spiders [12] and some orchids [13]). Male sex pheromone of Dacini fruit flies, besides acting ...
This glossary of entomology describes terms used in the formal study of insect species by entomologists.. When present, elytra of the Staphylinidae are markedly abbreviate. This fly in the genus Scaptomyza has clearly visible rows of para-sagittal acrostichal bristles on its thorax the alitrunk of aculeate Hymenoptera comprises the three thoracic segments, plus the propodeum, which strictly ...
They are also called phytophagous insects. These insects may eat essential parts of the plant, such as the leaves or sap, or they may survive on the pollen and nectar produced by the plant. These insects will compete with other organisms for limited plant host in an environment where there is constant change in plant availability and quality. [20]