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Flucloxacillin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the penicillin group of antibiotics. [8] [27] It works by breaking down the bacterial cell wall. [27] Like other β-lactam antibiotics, flucloxacillin acts by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls.
β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.
The β-lactam core structures. (A) A penam.(B) A carbapenam.(C) An oxapenam.(D) A penem.(E) A carbapenem.(F) A monobactam.(G) A cephem.(H) A carbacephem.(I) An oxacephem. This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class.
The usual dose by mouth is one capsule of 250 mg 4 times a day in adults and half the adult dose as a syrup for children under the age of 10 years but over 2. [4] For children below the age of 2 years, the oral dose is a quarter of the adult oral dose. [3] Ampicillin/flucloxacillin is taken orally about half an hour before food. [5]
For example, two products may both be amoxicillin, but one may come in 500 mg capsules, while another may be in 250 mg chewable tablets. The term unit dose can also refer to non-reusable packaging, particularly when each drug product is individually packaged. [ 1 ]
Amoxicillin is also commonly used. He explains that within 24 hours of starting antibiotics, the infected person "is no longer contagious and should be fever-free soon after."
Amoxicillin is in the β-lactam family of antibiotics. [9] Amoxicillin was discovered in 1958 and came into medical use in 1972. [12] [13] Amoxil was approved for medical use in the United States in 1974, [4] [5] and in the United Kingdom in 1977. [2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [14]
The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic. Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing. However, these classifications are based on laboratory behavior. The development of antibiotics has had a profound effect on the health of people for many years.