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Dental fluorosis is a common [2] disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. [ 3 ] [ needs update ] It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel [ 4 ] causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration , and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth.
Causal factors may occur locally, affecting only a single tooth, or they may act systemically, affecting all teeth in which enamel is being formed. Local trauma or abscess formation can adversely affect the ameloblasts overlying a developing crown, resulting in enamel hypocalcification or hypoplasia. Affected teeth may have areas of coronal ...
Turner's hypoplasia or Turner's tooth is a presentation of enamel hypoplasia that normally affects only a single tooth. Its causes can be the same as other forms of enamel hypoplasia, but it is most commonly associated with trauma to a primary maxillary central incisor and the subsequent developmental disturbance of the underlying permanent ...
Fluoride is a mainstay of dental care, whether it's delivered in a treatment at your dentist's office or in your toothpaste. But fluoride has become the focus of several conspiracy theories over ...
Canker sores are most common in young and middle aged individuals. Sometimes individuals with allergies are more prone to these sores. Besides an awkward sensation, these sores can also cause pain or tingling or a burning sensation. Unlike herpes sores, canker sores are always found inside the mouth and are usually less painful.
Although fluoridation can cause dental fluorosis, which can alter the appearance of developing teeth or enamel fluorosis, [3] the differences are mild and usually not an aesthetic or public health concern. [12] Fluoride's effects depend on the total daily intake of fluoride from all sources.
Adults should have a total of 32 teeth (16 teeth in each arch). By the age of 2 + 1 ⁄ 2, children have a total of 20 deciduous teeth (10 in each arch). Abnormal findings are missing, loose, broken and misaligned teeth. Diseases of the teeth include baby-bottle tooth decay, epulis, meth mouth and Hutchinson's teeth.
Local trauma is also associated with aphthous stomatitis, and it is known that trauma can decrease the mucosal barrier. Trauma could occur during injections of local anesthetic in the mouth, or otherwise during dental treatments, frictional trauma from a sharp surface in the mouth such as broken tooth, or from tooth brushing. [9]