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By the first centuries CE, [clarification needed] what is called "Old Ethiopic" or the "Old Geʻez writing system" arose, an abjad written right-to-left [7] (as opposed to boustrophedon like ESA) with letters basically identical to the first-order forms of the modern vocalized writing system (e.g. "k" in the form of "kä").
A motif may be repeated in a pattern or design, often many times, or may just occur once in a work. [1] A motif may be an element in the iconography of a particular subject or type of subject that is seen in other works, or may form the main subject, as the Master of Animals motif in ancient art typically does.
Writing systems are used to record human language, and may be classified according to certain common features.. The usual name of the script is given first; the name of the languages in which the script is written follows (in brackets), particularly in the case where the language name differs from the script name.
The library holds a substantial number of photographic copies of Ethiopian manuscripts. [54] HMML is the home for the Ethiopian Manuscript Microfilm Library (EMML), a collection that preserves microfilms of 8,000 Ethiopian manuscripts—the largest in the world—photographed throughout Ethiopia during the 1970 and 1980s. [55]
Ethiopian historiography includes the ancient, medieval, early modern, and modern disciplines of recording the history of Ethiopia, including both native and foreign sources. The roots of Ethiopian historical writing can be traced back to the ancient Kingdom of Aksum (c. AD 100 – c. 940).
The Ethiopic (or Geʽez) writing system is visible on the side of this Ethiopian Airlines Fokker 50: it reads "Ethiopia's": የኢትዮጵያ ye-ʾityop̣p̣ya. The Amharic script is an abugida, and the graphemes of the Amharic writing system are called fidäl. [47] It is derived from a modification of the Geʽez script. [13]
For example, around 200 texts were written about indigenous Ethiopian saints from the fourteenth through the nineteenth century. Traditional education was the responsibility of priests and monks. "The Church thus constituted the custodian of the nation's culture", says Richard Pankhurst , who describes the traditional education as follows:
The following is an alphabetical list of Amharic writers, presenting an overview of notable authors, journalists, novelists, playwrights, poets and screenwriters who have released literary works in the Amharic language, used predominantly in Ethiopia.