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Inner ear regeneration is the biological process by which the hair cells and supporting cells (i.e. Hensen's cells and Deiters cells) of the ear proliferate (cell proliferation) and regrow after hair cell injury. This process depends on communication between supporting cells and the brain.
Pictures G-N show the tip links connecting the stereocilia. Tip links are extracellular filaments that connect stereocilia to each other or to the kinocilium in the hair cells of the inner ear. [1] [2] Mechanotransduction is thought to occur at the site of the tip links, which connect to spring-gated ion channels. [3]
Mammalian cochlear hair cells are of two anatomically and functionally distinct types, known as outer, and inner hair cells. Damage to these hair cells results in decreased hearing sensitivity, and because the inner ear hair cells cannot regenerate, this damage is permanent. [4]
[5] [6] Furthermore, Hensen's cells are also able to regenerate the damaged hair cells in some vertebrates; they undergo phagocytosis to eject the dead or injured hair cells, and reproduce both new hair cells and supporting cells into the cell cycle. One of the reasons is that the supporting cells are differentiated by the embryonic hair cells ...
Deiters' cells, also known as outer phalangeal cells or cells of Deiters (English: / ˈ d aɪ t ər z /), are a cell type found within the inner ear. They contain both microfilaments and microtubules which run from the basilar membrane to the reticular membrane of the inner ear.
The hair cells are the primary auditory receptor cells and they are also known as auditory sensory cells, acoustic hair cells, auditory cells or cells of Corti. The organ of Corti is lined with a single row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. The hair cells have a hair bundle at the apical surface of the cell.
One kinocilium is the longest cilium located on the hair cell next to 40–70 stereocilia. During movement of the body, the hair cell is depolarized when the stereocilia move toward the kinocilium. The depolarization of the hair cell causes neurotransmitter to be released and an increase in firing frequency of cranial nerve VIII. When the ...
In this study, scientists used zebrafish to examine the motion of proteins within live ear cells using a confocal microscope. This has shown that proteins in stereocilia move quickly, indicating that the movement of the proteins within the hair cells may be a very important factor to maintaining the integrity of the hair bundles in the inner ear.