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  2. Moussaieff Red Diamond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moussaieff_Red_Diamond

    It is the world's largest known red diamond, the rarest of all diamond colors. [1] The Moussaieff Red was discovered by a Brazilian garimpeiro named Ze Tatu in a manual digging [1] in the district of Major Porto in 1989, in a region known as Noroeste de Minas in the state of Minas Gerais. The rough stone weighed 13.9 carats (2.78 g). [1]

  3. Red beryl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_beryl

    Red beryl, formerly known as bixbite and marketed as red emerald or scarlet emerald, is an extremely rare variety of beryl as well as one of the rarest minerals on Earth. [1] [2]: 19 The gem gets its red color from manganese ions embedded inside of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate crystals. [1]

  4. Jeremejevite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremejevite

    It is considered as one of the rarest, thus one of the most expensive stones. For nearly a century, it was considered as one of the rarest gemstones in the world. [5] [better source needed] It was first described in 1883 [6] as small, single crystals in loose granitic debris in Mt. Soktui, Nerschinsk district, Adun-Chilon Mountains, Siberia. [7]

  5. Sunrise Ruby - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise_Ruby

    The Sunrise Ruby [1] [2] [3] has been the world's most expensive ruby, most expensive coloured gemstone, and most expensive gemstone other than a diamond [2] [3] [4] until the discovery of the Estrela de Fura. Originally mined in Myanmar, its current name is derived from a poem of the same name, written by the 13th-century Sufi poet Rumi. [5]

  6. Taaffeite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taaffeite

    Taaffeite (/ ˈ t ɑː f aɪ t /; BeMgAl 4 O 8) is a mineral, named after its discoverer Richard Taaffe (1898–1967) who found the first sample, a cut and polished gem, in October 1945 in a jeweler's shop in Dublin, Ireland. [4] [5] As such, it is the only gemstone to have

  7. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

    This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. Minerals ... Gemstones of the World revised 5th edition, 2013 by Walter Schumann ISBN 978-1454909538;

  8. Painite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painite

    Painite is a very rare borate mineral. It was first found in Myanmar by British mineralogist and gem dealer Arthur C.D. Pain who misidentified it as ruby, until it was discovered as a new gemstone in the 1950s. When it was confirmed as a new mineral species, the mineral was named after him. [3]

  9. List of individual gemstones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_individual_gemstones

    Samarian Spinel, the world's largest spinel; Menshikov Ruby, the world's second largest spinel set on top of the Great Imperial Crown of Russia; Timur Ruby, believed to be a ruby until 1851, hence its name; Black Prince's Ruby, the famous spinel mounted on the Imperial State Crown of the United Kingdom