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Electric current passing through the conductor causes heating according to Joule's first law, resulting in the conductor expanding and the line sagging. Transmission ratings are set with a maximum allowable conductor temperature (annealing temperature) and minimum clearance rules to comply with legislation and regulation. [1]
There are two types of transmission rights: [12] physical transmission right (PTR) provides a property right to a portion of a capacity of a transmission line, which is reserved for the holder's exclusive use (the holder can deny access to the transmission capacity to non-holders. ). The right can be acquired by building a transmission line or ...
Transposition is the periodic swapping of positions of the conductors of a transmission line, in order to reduce crosstalk and otherwise improve transmission. In telecommunications this applies to balanced pairs whilst in power transmission lines three conductors are periodically transposed.
A time-domain reflectometer; an instrument used to locate the position of faults on lines from the time taken for a reflected wave to return from the discontinuity.. A signal travelling along an electrical transmission line will be partly, or wholly, reflected back in the opposite direction when the travelling signal encounters a discontinuity in the characteristic impedance of the line, or if ...
Cold weather running or other causes that prevent the engine from reaching proper operating temperature can cause a buildup of fuel due to incomplete burn that can result in 'wet stacking'. [2] [3] In diesel generators, it is usually because the diesel engine is running at only a small percentage of its rated output. For efficient combustion, a ...
Similarly the "Low Temperature Flow Test" (ASTM D4539 [1]) indicates the winter performance of diesel with improver additives. Note that both the CFPP and LTFT temperature is some degrees above the pour point temperature at which diesel fuel loses its fluid character and that pumps would stop operating.
Compressor characteristic is a mathematical curve that shows the behaviour of a fluid going through a dynamic compressor.It shows changes in fluid pressure, temperature, entropy, flow rate etc.) with the compressor operating at different speeds.
The AC transmission line is used for transmitting the bulk of the power generation end to the consumer end. [5] The power is generated in the generating station. The transmission line transmits the power from generation to the consumer end. High-voltage power transmission allows for lesser resistive losses over long distances in the wiring. [5]