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A wimple is a medieval form of female headcovering, formed of a large piece of cloth worn draped around the neck and chin, covering the top of the head; it was usually made from white linen or silk. Its use developed in early medieval Europe ; in medieval Christianity it was unseemly for a married woman to show her hair.
Woman wearing a one-piece bliaut and cloak or mantle, c. 1200, west door of Angers Cathedral.. The bliaut or bliaud is an overgarment that was worn by both sexes from the eleventh to the thirteenth century in Western Europe, featuring voluminous skirts and horizontal puckering or pleating across a snugly fitted under bust abdomen.
Later, in medieval times, a fillet was a type of headband worn by unmarried women, usually with a wimple or barbette. [3] This is indicated in the sign language of some monks (who took oaths of silence), wherein a sweeping motion across the brow, in the shape of a fillet, indicated an unmarried woman.
As women's religious orders began to adopt contemporary attire, it has largely disappeared from these circles as well. From the early nineteenth century onwards, the term guimpe also described a form of short under-blouse or chemisette which was worn under a pinafore or low cut dress to fill in the neckline and, if sleeved, cover the arms.
Many women twisted their long hair with cords or ribbons and wrapped the twists around their heads, often without any cap or veil. Hair was also worn braided. Older women and widows wore a veil and wimple, and a simple knotted kerchief was worn while working. In the image at right, one woman wears a red hood draped over her twisted and bound hair.
A woman wears a red kirtle over her smock by Joachim Beuckelaer, (1566). For the middle and lower classes, clothing would have been a much more practical affair. Over the smock, the kirtle would be worn. Depending on the weather and occasion, a simple gown would have been worn over the kirtle.
Women wore linen headdresses or wimples and veils, c. 1250. Costume during the thirteenth century in Europe was relatively simple in its shapes, rich in colour for both men and women, and quite uniform across the Roman Catholic world as the Gothic style started its spread all over Europe in dress, architecture, and other arts.
Female education (Medieval) Medieval literature (Women's) Medieval female sexuality; Prostitution (Middle Ages) Women artists (Medieval) Women in Judaism (Middle Ages) Women in science (Medieval) Timeline of women in medieval warfare; Clothing: Early medieval European dress; 1100–1200 in European fashion; 1200–1300 in European fashion