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In humans, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) forms closed circular molecules that contain 16,569 [4] [5] DNA base pairs, [6] with each such molecule normally containing a full set of the mitochondrial genes. Each human mitochondrion contains, on average, approximately 5 such mtDNA molecules, with the quantity ranging between 1 and 15. [ 6 ]
Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. [4] This sequencing revealed that human mtDNA has 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins. As in other vertebrates, the human mitochondrial genetic code differs slightly from nuclear DNA. [5]
Each human cell contains approximately 100 mitochondria, giving a total number of mtDNA molecules per human cell of approximately 500. [35] However, the amount of mitochondria per cell also varies by cell type, and an egg cell can contain 100,000 mitochondria, corresponding to up to 1,500,000 copies of the mitochondrial genome (constituting up ...
SVG illustration of the human heart, created by Wapcaplet in Sodipodi. Slightly modified for correct rendering by Yaddah (no changes to content). Cropped version withour white space available at File:Diagram of the human heart (cropped).svg Uploaded on 24 Dec 2003. Diagram of the human heart: Source: Own work: Author: Wapcaplet, Yaddah: Other ...
Athletic heart syndrome; Atrium (heart) Blood; Cavoatrial junction; Fourth heart sound; Heart; Human body; Inferior vena cava; Lutembacher's syndrome; Mitral valve; Mitral valve repair; Pressure–volume diagram; Pulmonary artery; Pulmonary regurgitation; Pulmonary valve; Pulmonary vein; Ross procedure; Third heart sound; Tissue engineering of ...
In general, mitochondrial DNA lacks introns, as is the case in the human mitochondrial genome; [144] however, introns have been observed in some eukaryotic mitochondrial DNA, [146] such as that of yeast [147] and protists, [148] including Dictyostelium discoideum. [149] Between protein-coding regions, tRNAs are present.
Parts-per-million cube of relative abundance by mass of elements in an average adult human body down to 1 ppm. About 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium ...
The category contains articles about human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups. Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups Mitochondrial Eve L0: L1 ...