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The mononuclear spot test or monospot test, a form of the heterophile antibody test, [1] is a rapid test for infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). It is an improvement on the Paul–Bunnell test. [2] The test is specific for heterophile antibodies produced by the human immune system in response to EBV infection.
Blood test results for persons with infectious mononucleosis include an elevated white blood cell count, an increased percentage of atypical mononuclear cells. Liver enzymes are often elevated. A positive "mono spot" test is useful in confirming the diagnosis but a negative result does not rule out primary EBV infection.
Heterophile antibodies can arise in non-EBV infections. False positive monospot tests may occur in cases of HIV, lymphoma, or systemic lupus erythematosus. Other assays for detection of EBV are available, including serologic markers. [7] An important clinical pearl for heterophile antibodies is they can also be seen in genetic immunodeficiencies.
If you test negative using an at-home test, repeat the test again in 48 hours. If you were exposed to COVID, test at least 5 full days after exposure. If you still test negative, wait 48 more ...
A scientific analysis published in The BMJ in 2021 notes that these tests “produce very few false positive results” and a lot of the accuracy surrounding them depends on factors like how well ...
If you’re unsure about the accuracy of your results, the FDA says you can reduce the risk of a false negative test by taking multiple tests after a negative result over the course of two to ...
When caused by EBV, infectious mononucleosis is classified as one of the Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases. Occasionally the disease may persist and result in a chronic infection. This may develop into systemic EBV-positive T cell lymphoma. [30]
Epstein–Barr virus viral-capsid antigen is an immunogenic antigen derived from the protein shell of the Epstein Barr Virus. Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) causes the illness referred to as Mononucleosis. In the infectious stage of this illness, individuals will have Epstein Barr viral capsid antigens (EBV-VCA) in their mouth and blood.