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A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]
Within a product's supply chain, traceability may be both a regulatory and an ethical or environmental issue. [3] Traceability is increasingly becoming a core criterion for sustainability efforts related to supply chains wherein knowing the producer, workers and other links stands as a necessary factor that underlies credible claims of social, economic, or environmental impacts. [4]
Certified reference materials (CRMs) are 'controls' or standards used to check the quality and metrological traceability of products, to validate analytical measurement methods, or for the calibration of instruments. [1] A certified reference material is a particular form of measurement standard.
The formal definition of calibration by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is the following: "Operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties (of the calibrated instrument or ...
Therefore, a calibration gas has to be of a precisely defined nature or composition, like zero gas or span gas, for example 500 ppm carbon monoxide in nitrogen. To be a calibration gas, the gas must be traceable to a national or international standard. Traceability is the unbroken chain of comparisons to an acceptable international standard.
In software development, a traceability matrix (TM) [1]: 244 is a document, usually in the form of a table, used to assist in determining the completeness of a relationship by correlating any two baselined documents using a many-to-many relationship comparison.
Calibrating National Standards: NPL calibrates the national standards of weights and measures to ensure their accuracy and traceability to international standards. Conducting Research: NPL conducts research in various fields of physics, including metrology, materials science, and nanotechnology.
In this respect, EN ISO 17025 is the main standard used by testing and calibration laboratories as to appropriately tackle quality management related issues. While chapter four of the standard deals with management requirements, chapter five describes requirements for technical competence.