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A blowoff valve is designed to release pressure in the intake system when the throttle is closed. A "recirculating" type blowoff valve releases the pressurised air back into the non-pressurized section of the intake (i.e. upstream of the turbocharger), while an "atmospheric venting" type blowoff valve dumps the air directly into the atmosphere.
The actuator consists of a linear servo actuator servomotor that controls a plunger which varies air flow through the throttle body. The position of the servomotor and hence the amount of air bypass is controlled digitally by the engine ECU. This allows the engine's idle speed to be maintained constant.
3 Crossfeed Valve; 4 Left Engine Fuel Shutoff Valve; 5 Right Engine Fuel Shutoff Valve; 6 Manual Defuling Valve; 7 Fueling Station; 8 Tank No. 2 (Right) 9 Forward Fuel Pump (Tank No. 2) 10 Aft Fuel Pump (Tank No. 2) 11 Left Fuel Pump (Center Tank) 12 Right Fuel Pump (Center Tank) 13 Center Tank; 14 Bypass Valve; 15 Aft Fuel Pump (Tank No. 1)
The design used a complex series of bypass valves in the induction and exhaust systems as well as an electromagnetic clutch so that, at low engine speeds, a boost was derived from the supercharger. In the middle of the rev range, a boost was derived from both systems, while at the highest revs the system disconnected the drive from the ...
An Eaton M62 Roots-type supercharger is visible at the front of this Ecotec LSJ engine in a 2006 Saturn Ion Red Line.. The Roots-type blower is simple and widely used. It can be more effective than alternative superchargers at developing positive intake manifold pressure (i.e., above atmospheric pressure) at low engine speeds, making it a popular choice for passenger automobile applications.
A mechanically driven supercharger offers exceptional response and low-rpm performance, as it does not rely on pressurization of the exhaust manifold (assuming that it is a positive-displacement design, such as a Roots-type or twin-screw, as opposed to a centrifugal supercharger, which does not provide substantial boost in the lower rpm range), but is less efficient than a turbocharger due to ...
A desmodromic valve is a reciprocating engine poppet valve that is positively closed by a cam and leverage system, rather than by a more conventional spring. The valves in a typical four-stroke engine allow the air/fuel mixture into the cylinder at the beginning of the cycle and exhaust spent gases at the end of the cycle. In a conventional ...
A more successful application was in the RF series diesel engine found in the 1988 Mazda 626 Capella; ultimately 150,000 Mazda diesel cars were fitted with a Comprex supercharger. Other users included Peugeot, Opel and Mercedes-Benz. The Greenpeace SmILE concept car uses a Hyprex pressure wave supercharger developed by the Swiss company Wenko ...