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The chelicerae (/ k ə ˈ l ɪ s ər iː /) are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as " jaws ", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated fangs , or as a type of pincers .
The chelicerae ("claw horns") that give the sub-phylum its name normally consist of three sections, and the claw is formed by the third section and a rigid extension of the second. [ 12 ] [ 19 ] However, spiders' have only two sections, and the second forms a fang that folds away behind the first when not in use. [ 16 ]
Close-up of the chelicerae of a harvestman. The chelicerae consist of three segments, with the distal two forming a pincer [3] equipped with a row of teeth. Based on developmental gene expression data, the proximal segment is thought to be homologous to the femur and patella of the legs, the middle segment to the tibia through the tarsus of the legs, and the distal segment to the apotele (the ...
Carnivores have chelicerae that tear and crush prey, whereas herbivores can have chelicerae that are modified for piercing and sucking (as do parasitic species). In sea spiders, the chelicerae (also known as chelifores) are short and chelate and are positioned on either side of the base of the proboscis or sometimes vestigial or absent.
The first of these are the chelicerae, which give chelicerates their name. In horseshoe crabs, these look like tiny pincers in front of the mouth. [25]: 555 Behind the chelicerae are the pedipalps, which are primarily used as legs. In the final molt of males, the ends of the pedipalps are modified into specialized, grasping claws used in mating.
Opilio canestrinii chelicerae shown in context to the rest of the body. An urban legend claims that the harvestman is the most venomous animal in the world [ 66 ] but possesses fangs too short or a mouth too round and small to bite a human, rendering it harmless (the same myth applies to Pholcus phalangioides and the crane fly , which are both ...
Phidippus is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). [1] Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae.
Pincer-like chelicerae then work to grind and chew the prey prior to ingestion. The tailless whip scorpion may go for over a month in which no food is eaten. Often this is due to pre-molt. Due to the lack of venom the tailless whip scorpion is very nervous in temperament, retreating away if any dangerous threat is sensed by the animal.