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Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). [ 2 ] [ 8 ] Early on, there are typically no symptoms. [ 2 ] Later, non-painful lymph node swelling, feeling tired, fever , night sweats , or weight loss for no clear reason may occur.
Most CLL cases are incurable by present treatments, so treatment is directed towards suppressing the disease for many years, rather than curing it. The primary chemotherapeutic plan is combination chemotherapy with chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide , plus a corticosteroid such as prednisone or prednisolone .
Treatment can occasionally consist of "watchful waiting" (e.g., in CLL) or symptomatic treatment (e.g., blood transfusions in MDS). The more aggressive forms of disease require treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and—in some cases—a bone marrow transplant.
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Treatment options include watchful waiting, radiation aimed directly at the affected lymph nodes, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. For patients whose disease becomes more aggressive, autologous stem cell transplantation may be used. [citation needed] There is no consensus on the optimal first-line treatment for follicular lymphoma.
First line treatment is immunosuppressive therapy. A weekly dosage of Methotrexate (with or without daily Prednisone) may induce partial or complete response in some patients while others may require Cyclosporine or Cyclophosphamide. [6] Alemtuzumab has been investigated for use in treatment of refractory T-cell large granular lymphocytic ...
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CLL/SLL is the most common adult leukemia in Western countries, accounting for 1.2% of the new cancers diagnosed each year in the United States. It usually occurs in older adults (median age at diagnosis 70) and follows an indolent course over many years. [11] About 1-10% of CLL/SLLs develop a Richter's transformation at a rate of 0.5–1% per ...
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