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Pastoral counseling is a branch of counseling in which psychologically trained ministers, rabbis, priests, imams, and other persons provide therapy services.Pastoral counselors often integrate modern psychological thought and method with traditional religious training in an effort to address psychospiritual issues in addition to the traditional spectrum of counseling services.
Transpersonal psychology focuses on exploring spiritual experiences, mystical states, self-transcendence, and the holistic development of human potential. An interest group was later re-formed as the Transpersonal Psychology Interest Group (TPIG), which continued to promote transpersonal issues in collaboration with Division 32. [6]
Pastoral care refers to the emotional, physical and spiritual duties and support that a pastor supplies to their community. [1] [2] Mike Minter, a seasoned pastor who spent time offering pastoral care in the Amazon, later reflected on his ministerial experience in a pastoral community with the quote, "Preaching is actually a smaller piece of the pie than one might expect.
Christian counseling on the other hand is conducted by a licensed counselor who integrates spirituality into traditional counseling methods and psychological principles. They may reference scripture but unlike biblical counselors, Christian Therapists do not focus solely on biblical teachings.
The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. [1] [2] [3] [note 1] Traditionally, spirituality is referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape of man", [note 2] oriented at "the image of God" [4] [5] as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.
Spiritual bypass or spiritual bypassing is a "tendency to use spiritual ideas and practices to sidestep or avoid facing unresolved emotional issues, psychological wounds, and unfinished developmental tasks". [1] The term was introduced in the mid 1980s by John Welwood, a Buddhist teacher and psychotherapist.
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James used examples of Walt Whitman and the "mind-cure" religious movement to illustrate healthy-mindedness in The Varieties of Religious Experience. In contrast, individuals predisposed to having a sick-souled religion are unable to ignore evil and suffering and need a unifying experience, religious or otherwise, to reconcile good and evil.